Recent seismic events that occurred in the Italian territory remarkably highlighted the importance of increasing knowledge about seismicity and seismic risk. To this aim, in recent years scientific research developed several models for assessing seismic risk and seismic vulnerability of the built environment. In this paper, the seismic risk assessment of the Mugello area is presented, analyzing in detail the municipality of Barberino di Mugello within the Florence district. Seismic vulnerability at the territorial scale was assessed by applying and then comparing the results of some literature approaches. Furthermore, the comparison between the results obtained and the observed field data collected from the AeDES forms is proposed. AeDES forms were filled out after the moderate seismic event (Mw 4.5) that struck the Mugello area in December 2019.